1. What is Kubernetes, and how is it used?
Answer: The deployment, scaling, and management of containerised applications can be automated with the help of the open-source Kubernetes platform. It makes managing large-scale applications easier by streamlining container orchestration.
2. What is a Kubernetes pod?
Answer: The smallest deployable unit in Kubernetes is called a pod. It can host one or more containers, and it ensures that containers in the same Pod share the same network namespace and storage volumes.
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3. What distinguishes a StatefulSet in Kubernetes from a deployment?
Answer: Deployments are used for stateless applications, where replicas can be created and destroyed without affecting the application. StatefulSets preserve the identity and storage of pods in stateful applications.
4. How does Kubernetes manage scaling of applications?
Answer: By automatically scaling apps by modifying the number of pod replicas according to resource usage or unique metrics, Kubernetes can make sure apps can manage higher traffic volumes.
5. What is a node in Kubernetes?
Answer: A node is a virtual or physical machine that runs containerized applications in a Kubernetes cluster. It includes the container runtime and kubelet, two services required to run pods.
6. Explain the concept of Kubernetes namespaces.
Answer: Namespaces in Kubernetes help organize resources into separate environments within a cluster. When allocating cluster resources to several users or applications, they are helpful.
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7. What function does the kubelet serve in Kubernetes?
Answer: In a Kubernetes cluster, the Kubelet is an agent that runs on every node. It reports back to the Kubernetes master and makes sure containers are operating in pods.
8. How is persistent storage handled by Kubernetes??
Answer: Kubernetes uses persistent volumes (PVs) and persistent volume claims (PVCs) to provide storage for containers that outlive the lifecycle of pods.
9. What are Kubernetes Services, and how are they different from Pods?
Answer: Services in Kubernetes define a policy to access pods, enabling communication between different sets of pods. Unlike pods, services are persistent and can be accessed even if pods are recreated.
10. How is persistent storage handled by Kubernetes?
Answer: Passwords and other sensitive information are stored in Secrets, whereas non-sensitive configuration data is stored in ConfigMaps. Both are used to pass configuration information into applications running in Kubernetes.
11. How does Kubernetes ensure high availability for applications?
Answer: Kubernetes ensures high availability by distributing application replicas across multiple nodes and using features like auto-scaling, self-healing, and load balancing to handle node failures.
12. What distinguishes a Kubernetes deployment from a replica set?
Answer: While a Deployment offers declarative updates to applications and oversees their management, a ReplicaSet guarantees that a predetermined number of pod replicas are operational at all times. ReplicaSets.
13. How is networking between pods managed by Kubernetes?
Answer: All pods can speak directly with one another thanks to Kubernetes’ flat networking model. It guarantees that every pod in the cluster receives a distinct IP address.
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14. What is Helm in Kubernetes?
Answer: Helm is a Kubernetes package manager that uses preconfigured templates called charts to make application deployment and management easier.
15. In what ways does Docker Swarm differ from Kubernetes?
Answer: Kubernetes is more feature-rich and scalable compared to Docker Swarm, offering automated deployment, scaling, and management of containerized applications, whereas Docker Swarm is simpler but less flexible.
16. How does the Kubernetes Master node function?
Answer: The Kubernetes Master node controls the cluster and makes global decisions. It schedules tasks, handles the cluster’s API server, and manages components like the controller manager and scheduler.
17. What are labels and selectors in Kubernetes?
Answer: Resources are identified and grouped using labels, which are key-value pairs. Using selectors, resources can be filtered and chosen according to their labels.
18. What is Kubernetes Ingress used for?
Answer: Ingress is an API object that provides load balancing, SSL termination, and name-based virtual hosting in addition to managing external access to services in a Kubernetes cluster, usually via HTTP.
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19. Explain the concept of a Kubernetes job.
Answer: A job ensures that a specific number of pods successfully terminate their work. It is used for batch jobs like database migrations or data processing tasks that should run once.
20. What is Kubernetes RBAC (Role-Based AccessControl)?
Answer: In Kubernetes, RBAC is a technique for managing resource access according to user roles. It enables more precise control over who has the ability to use resources.
21. What is the purpose of Kubernetes Horizontal Pod Autoscaler?
Answer: Depending on how much CPU or memory is being used, the Horizontal Pod Autoscaler automatically modifies the number of pod replicas in a deployment or replica set.
22. What is a CronJob in Kubernetes?
Answer: The answer is that a CronJob, which is comparable to a Linux cron job, enables you to execute tasks on a scheduled basis. It’s useful for tasks like backups or report generation.
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